Skip to content
KitWren
b2B2 Upper-Intermediate EnglishComplex sentencesGrammarabout 15 min

Cleft sentences for emphasis

Add emphasis with cleft sentences: It was Maria who called. What I love is… The reason why… All I want is…

In this lesson you will

  • Form it-cleft sentences
  • Form what-cleft and all-cleft sentences
  • Use clefts to correct and contrast

Learn

It-cleft: It + be + focus + who/that + rest: *It was my brother who found the keys* (not me). It’s the noise that* bothers me.*

What-cleft: What + clause + be + focus: *What I need is a long holiday. What she did was call the police.* (For actions use do: What he did was…)

Other clefts: *All I want is some peace. The thing that annoys me is… The reason why I called is that… The place where we met was…*

Clefts are great for correcting, contrasting and highlighting the key information in speech and writing.

Examples

  • It was in Paris that they first met.
  • What I like about her is her honesty.
  • All we can do now is wait.
  • The reason why I’m late is that my train broke down.

Vocabulary

emphasis

special importance given to something

highlight

make something stand out

contrast

show a difference

bother

annoy or worry

focus

the main point

Practice

1 / 8

Complete the sentence.

was Sam who broke the window, not me.

Speaking

Correct five false statements about yourself using it-clefts (No, it was… that…), then say what you love, hate and need using what-clefts.

Recording isn’t available in this browser. You can still practise: say your answer aloud, then type what you said.

Writing

Write a paragraph (100–120 words) about what makes a good teacher or boss, using at least four cleft sentences.

0 / 100+ words

Lesson quiz

1 / 5

It ___ my mother who taught me to cook.

Review

Key points

  • It + be + focus + who/that…
  • What + clause + be + focus.
  • All…, The reason why…, The thing that…
  • Use for emphasis and correction.

What you learned

  • ✓ I can form cleft sentences.
  • ✓ I can add emphasis.
  • ✓ I can correct and contrast.

Grammar reference: Cleft sentences