Essay structure
Plan and structure a clear essay: introduction with thesis, body paragraphs with topic sentences and support, and a conclusion that answers the question.
In this lesson you will
- Write an introduction with a clear thesis
- Build body paragraphs (PEEL)
- Write a conclusion that adds no new ideas
Learn
Introduction (2–3 sentences): paraphrase the topic, then state your thesis — your answer or the essay’s direction. While some argue…, this essay will argue that…
Body paragraphs — PEEL: Point (topic sentence), Explain, Example/evidence, Link back to the question. One main idea per paragraph.
Conclusion: restate your position in new words and summarise the main reasons. Don’t introduce new arguments. In conclusion, although…, I firmly believe that…
Plan first (5 minutes): decide your position, list 2–3 main ideas with one example each, and order them logically. A plan prevents repetition and off-topic writing.
Examples
- Thesis: This essay argues that the benefits of remote work outweigh its drawbacks.
- Topic sentence: The most significant advantage of remote work is flexibility.
- Link: Therefore, flexibility clearly improves both wellbeing and productivity.
- Conclusion: In conclusion, despite some challenges, remote work offers clear benefits.
Vocabulary
thesis
the main argument of an essay
topic sentence
the first sentence stating a paragraph’s main idea
paraphrase
say the same thing in different words
outweigh
be more important than
coherent
logical and clear
Practice
What should the introduction contain?
Speaking
Plan an essay aloud in two minutes: state your thesis on “Should homework be banned?”, your two main points and an example for each.
Writing
Write a full essay (250 words): “Should university education be free for everyone?” Use a clear thesis, two PEEL body paragraphs and a conclusion.
- ☐ Introduction paraphrases the question
- ☐ Clear thesis
- ☐ Two body paragraphs with topic sentences
- ☐ Examples or evidence
- ☐ Conclusion with no new ideas
Lesson quiz
The thesis usually appears…
Review
Key points
- Intro: paraphrase + thesis.
- Body: PEEL, one idea per paragraph.
- Conclusion: restate and summarise, no new ideas.
- Plan for five minutes first.
What you learned
- ✓ I can structure an essay.
- ✓ I write clear thesis and topic sentences.
- ✓ I plan before writing.
Grammar reference: Sentence structure and word order, Punctuation