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Practical projectsFree AutoCAD course about 240 min

Project 5: Detailed architectural drawing

Draw a typical external wall section from footing to roof at 1:20, with accurate construction layers, material hatches, notes, levels and a sheet that references back to the plan.

By the end of this project you will

  • Draw construction layers accurately at detail scale
  • Apply material hatches consistently
  • Annotate with keynotes, levels and dimensions
  • Reference the detail from the plan and issue it

Project brief

Objective

Produce a 1:20 wall section detail on a sheet, correctly referenced from a section marker on the plan.

The brief

Draw a typical section through the external wall of your Project 2 house, from the footing to the roof. Typical light-frame construction is used here as an example — construction details vary by country, climate and code, so treat dimensions as illustrative and follow local standards and manufacturers' details for real projects.

Include: concrete footing and slab, damp-proof membrane, wall framing with insulation, internal lining, external cladding or brick veneer with cavity, top plate, roof framing with insulation, roofing, gutter and fascia, ceiling lining, and levels for finished ground, FFL and ceiling.

A vertical section through a single-storey wall from footing to roof: concrete footing and slab, wall framing with insulation and lining, a top plate, roof truss, and roofing, each labelled.roofingroof trusstop plateframing + insulationinternal liningslabfootingground level
Figure: A wall section detail. Original KitWren diagram.

Step 1 — Set up for detail scale

  1. 1Create detail layers (e.g. A-DETL-THIN, A-DETL-MED, A-DETL-HEVY, A-DETL-HATCH).
  2. 2Set annotation scale 1:20. Text will still be 2.5 mm on paper.
  3. 3Draw full size — a 90 mm stud is 90 units wide.

Step 2 — Structure from the ground up

  1. 1Draw the finished ground line and the footing and slab edge.
  2. 2Add the membrane and slab thickness.
  3. 3Draw the wall framing: bottom plate, studs (show one in section), top plate.
  4. 4Add cavity and outer skin, then internal lining.
  5. 5Draw roof framing, battens and roofing, fascia and gutter, eaves lining.
  6. 6Add insulation in walls and ceiling using an insulation linetype or hatch.

Use heavy lines for what's cut, thin lines for what's seen beyond. Correct line weight is what makes a detail readable.

Step 3 — Hatches and annotation

  1. 1Hatch concrete, masonry, insulation and timber in section with consistent patterns (build a small hatch legend).
  2. 2Add keynote leaders describing each material; keep wording consistent with the specification.
  3. 3Dimension key heights: slab to ceiling, eaves overhang, wall build-up.
  4. 4Add level markers: FGL, FFL, ceiling.

Step 4 — Sheet and references

  1. 1Create sheet A-501 Details with a 1:20 viewport; add a view title 1 — Typical wall section.
  2. 2On the plan sheet, add a section marker with callout 1 / A-501 where the section is cut.
  3. 3Plot and check that the reference, scale and line weights are right.

Your task

Second detail

  1. Draw an enlarged 1:5 detail of the eaves as detail 2 on A-501.
  2. Reference it from the wall section with a detail callout.

You should end up with: A detail sheet with two correctly cross-referenced details.

Completion checklist

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Project quiz

1 / 4

At 1:20 you draw a 90 mm stud 4.5 units wide.

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